GRANT statement

The GRANT statement grants a privilege on a specified object to a user or to a group.

Statement

Syntax:


      GRANT privilege ON object_type object_name
      TO USER user_name
      GRANT privilege ON object_type object_name
      TO GROUP group_name
      GRANT privilege ON object_type object_name
      TO ROLE role_name
      
      privilege ::= ALL | ALTER | CREATE | DROP | INSERT | REFRESH | SELECT | SELECT(column_name)
      object_type ::= SERVER | URI | DATABASE | TABLE

Typically, the object_name is an identifier. For URIs, it is a string literal.

The ability to grant or revoke SELECT privilege on specific columns is available in Impala 2.3 and higher.

Usage notes:

You can only grant the ALL privilege to the URI object. Finer-grained privileges mentioned below on a URI are not supported.

The table below lists the minimum level of privileges and the scope required to execute SQL statements. The following notations are used:

ANY denotes the SELECT, INSERT, CREATE, or REFRESH privilege.
ALL privilege denotes the SELECT, INSERT, CREATE, and REFRESH privileges.
The owner of an object effectively has the ALL privilege on the object.
The parent levels of the specified scope are implicitly supported. For example, if a privilege is listed with the TABLE scope, the same privilege granted on DATABASE and SERVER will allow the user to execute that specific SQL statement on TABLE.


SQL Statement	Privileges	Scope
SELECT	SELECT	TABLE
WITH SELECT	SELECT	TABLE
EXPLAIN SELECT	SELECT	TABLE
INSERT	INSERT	TABLE
EXPLAIN INSERT	INSERT	TABLE
TRUNCATE	INSERT	TABLE
LOAD	INSERT	TABLE
	ALL	URI
CREATE DATABASE	CREATE	SERVER
CREATE DATABASE LOCATION	CREATE	SERVER
	ALL	URI
CREATE TABLE	CREATE	DATABASE
CREATE TABLE LIKE	CREATE	DATABASE
	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	TABLE
CREATE TABLE AS SELECT	CREATE	DATABASE
	INSERT	DATABASE
	SELECT	TABLE
EXPLAIN CREATE TABLE AS SELECT	CREATE	DATABASE
	INSERT	DATABASE
	SELECT	TABLE
CREATE TABLE LOCATION	CREATE	TABLE
	ALL	URI
CREATE VIEW	CREATE	DATABASE
	SELECT	TABLE
ALTER DATABASE SET OWNER	ALL WITH GRANT	DATABASE
ALTER TABLE	ALL	TABLE
ALTER TABLE SET LOCATION	ALL	TABLE
	ALL	URI
ALTER TABLE RENAME	CREATE	DATABASE
	ALL	TABLE
ALTER TABLE SET OWNER	ALL WITH GRANT	TABLE
ALTER VIEW	ALL	TABLE
	SELECT	TABLE
ALTER VIEW RENAME	CREATE	DATABASE
	ALL	TABLE
ALTER VIEW SET OWNER	ALL WITH GRANT	VIEW
DROP DATABASE	ALL	DATABASE
DROP TABLE	ALL	TABLE
DROP VIEW	ALL	TABLE
CREATE FUNCTION	CREATE	DATABASE
	ALL	URI
DROP FUNCTION	ALL	DATABASE
COMPUTE STATS	ALL	TABLE
DROP STATS	ALL	TABLE
INVALIDATE METADATA	REFRESH	SERVER
INVALIDATE METADATA <table>	REFRESH	TABLE
REFRESH <table>	REFRESH	TABLE
REFRESH AUTHORIZATION	REFRESH	SERVER
REFRESH FUNCTIONS	REFRESH	DATABASE
COMMENT ON DATABASE	ALL	DATABASE
COMMENT ON TABLE	ALL	TABLE
COMMENT ON VIEW	ALL	TABLE
COMMENT ON COLUMN	ALL	TABLE
DESCRIBE DATABASE	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	DATABASE
DESCRIBE <table/view>	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	TABLE
If the user has the SELECT privilege at the COLUMN level, only the columns the user has access will show.	SELECT	COLUMN
USE	ANY	TABLE
SHOW DATABASES	ANY	TABLE
SHOW TABLES	ANY	TABLE
SHOW FUNCTIONS	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	DATABASE
SHOW PARTITIONS	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	TABLE
SHOW TABLE STATS	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	TABLE
SHOW COLUMN STATS	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	TABLE
SHOW FILES	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	TABLE
SHOW CREATE TABLE	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	TABLE
SHOW CREATE VIEW	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	TABLE
SHOW CREATE FUNCTION	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	DATABASE
SHOW RANGE PARTITIONS (Kudu only)	SELECT, INSERT, or REFRESH	TABLE
UPDATE (Kudu only)	ALL	TABLE
EXPLAIN UPDATE (Kudu only)	ALL	TABLE
UPSERT (Kudu only)	ALL	TABLE
WITH UPSERT (Kudu only)	ALL	TABLE
EXPLAIN UPSERT (Kudu only)	ALL	TABLE
DELETE (Kudu only)	ALL	TABLE
EXPLAIN DELETE (Kudu only)	ALL	TABLE

Compatibility:

The Impala GRANT and REVOKE statements are available in Impala 2.0 and later.
In Impala 1.4 and later, Impala can make use of any privileges specified by the GRANT and REVOKE statements in Hive.

Cancellation: Cannot be cancelled.

HDFS permissions: This statement does not touch any HDFS files or directories, therefore no HDFS permissions are required.