Networking and Security Requirements

Cloudera Runtime and Cloudera Manager Supported Transport Layer Security Versions

Cloudera Runtime and Cloudera Manager Networking and Security Requirements

The hosts in a Cloudera Manager deployment must satisfy the following networking and security requirements:

• Networking Protocols Support
  CDH requires IPv4. IPv6 is not supported and must be disabled.

  See also Configure Network Names.

• Multihoming Support

  Multihoming Cloudera Runtime or Cloudera Manager is not supported outside specifically certified Cloudera partner appliances. Cloudera finds that current Hadoop architectures combined with modern network infrastructures and security practices remove the need for multihoming. Multihoming, however, is beneficial internally in appliance form factors to take advantage of high-bandwidth InfiniBand interconnects.

  Although some subareas of the product may work with unsupported custom multihoming configurations, there are known issues with multihoming. In addition, unknown issues may arise because multihoming is not covered by our test matrix outside the Cloudera-certified partner appliances.

• Entropy

  Data at rest encryption requires sufficient entropy to ensure randomness.

  See entropy requirements in Data at Rest Encryption Requirements.

• Cluster hosts must have a working network name resolution system and correctly formatted /etc/hosts file. All cluster hosts must have properly configured forward and reverse host resolution through DNS. The /etc/hosts files must:
  • Contain consistent information about hostnames and IP addresses across all hosts
  • Not contain uppercase hostnames
  • Not contain duplicate IP addresses

  Cluster hosts must not use aliases, either in /etc/hosts or in configuring DNS. A properly formatted /etc/hosts file should be similar to the following example:

  127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
  192.168.1.1 cluster-01.example.com cluster-01
  192.168.1.2 cluster-02.example.com cluster-02
  192.168.1.3 cluster-03.example.com cluster-03 

• In most cases, the Cloudera Manager Server must have SSH access to the cluster hosts when you run the installation or upgrade wizard. You must log in using a root account or an account that has password-less sudo permission. For authentication during the installation and upgrade procedures, you must either enter the password or upload a public and private key pair for the root or sudo user account. If you want to use a public and private key pair, the public key must be installed on the cluster hosts before you use Cloudera Manager.

  Cloudera Manager uses SSH only during the initial install or upgrade. Once the cluster is set up, you can disable root SSH access or change the root password. Cloudera Manager does not save SSH credentials, and all credential information is discarded when the installation is complete.

• The Cloudera Manager Agent runs as root so that it can make sure that the required directories are created and that processes and files are owned by the appropriate user (for example, the hdfs and mapred users).
• Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux) must not block Cloudera Manager or Runtime operations.
• Firewalls (such as iptables and firewalld) must be disabled or configured to allow access to ports used by Cloudera Manager, Runtime, and related services.
• For RHEL and CentOS, the /etc/sysconfig/network file on each host must contain the correct hostname.
• Cloudera Manager and Runtime use several user accounts and groups to complete their tasks. The set of user accounts and groups varies according to the components you choose to install. Do not delete these accounts or groups and do not modify their permissions and rights. Ensure that no existing systems prevent these accounts and groups from functioning. For example, if you have scripts that delete user accounts not in an allowlist, add these accounts to the list of permitted accounts. Cloudera Manager, Runtime, and managed services create and use the following accounts and groups:

  Table 2. Users and Groups

  Component (Version)	Unix User ID	Groups	Functionality
  Apache Atlas	atlas	atlas, hadoop	Apache Atlas by default has atlas as user and group. It is configurable
  Apache Flink	flink	flink	The Flink Dashboard runs as this user.
  Apache HBase	hbase	hbase	The Master and the RegionServer processes run as this user.
  Apache HBase Indexer	hbase	hbase	The indexer servers are run as this user.
  Apache HDFS	hdfs	hdfs, hadoop	The NameNode and DataNodes run as this user, and the HDFS root directory as well as the directories used for edit logs should be owned by it.
  Apache Hive Hive on Tez	hive	hive	The HiveServer2 process and the Hive Metastore processes run as this user.A user must be defined for Hive access to its Metastore DB (for example, MySQL or Postgres) but it can be any identifier and does not correspond to a Unix uid. This is javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName in hive-site.xml.
  Apache Impala	impala	impala, hive	Impala services run as this user.
  Apache Kafka	kafka	kafka	Kafka brokers, mirrorMaker, and Connect workers run as this user.
  Apache Knox	knox	knox	Apache Knox Gateway Server runs as this user
  Apache Kudu	kudu	kudu	Kudu services run as this user.
  Apache Livy	livy	livy	The Livy Server process runs as this user
  Apache NiFi	nifi	nifi	Runs as the nifi user
  Apache NiFi Registry	nifiregistry	nifiregistry	Runs as the nifiregistry user
  Apache Oozie	oozie	oozie	The Oozie service runs as this user.
  Apache Ozone	hdfs	hdfs, hadoop	Ozone Manager, Storage Container Manager (SCM), Recon and Ozone Datanodes run as this user.
  Apache Parquet	~	~	No special users.
  Apache Phoenix	phoenix	phoenix	The Phoenix Query Server runs as this user
  Apache Ranger	ranger	ranger, hadoop	Ranger Admin, Usersync and Tagsync services by default have ranger as user and ranger, hadoop as groups. It is configurable.
  Apache Ranger KMS	kms	kms	Ranger KMS runs with kms user and group. It is configurable.
  Apache Ranger Raz	rangerraz	ranger	Ranger Raz runs with rangerraz user and is part of the ranger group.
  Apache Ranger RMS	rangerrms	ranger	Ranger RMS runs with rangerrms user and is part of the ranger group.
  Apache Solr	solr	solr	The Solr processes run as this user.
  Apache Spark	spark	spark	The Spark History Server process runs as this user.
  Apache Sqoop	sqoop	sqoop	This user is only for the Sqoop1 Metastore, a configuration option that is not recommended.
  Apache YARN	yarn	yarn, hadoop	Without Kerberos, all YARN services and applications run as this user. The LinuxContainerExecutor binary is owned by this user for Kerberos.
  Apache Zeppelin	zeppelin	zeppelin	The Zeppelin Server process runs as this user
  Apache ZooKeeper	zookeeper	zookeeper	The ZooKeeper processes run as this user. It is not configurable.
  Cloudera Manager (all versions)	cloudera-scm	cloudera-scm	Clusters managed by Cloudera Manager run Cloudera Manager Server, monitoring roles, and other Cloudera Server processes as cloudera-scm. Requires keytab file named cmf.keytab because name is hard-coded in Cloudera Manager.
  Cruise Control	cruisecontrol	hadoop	The Cruise Control process runs as this user.
  HttpFS	httpfs	httpfs	The HttpFS service runs as this user. See HttpFS authentication for instructions on how to generate the merged httpfs-http.keytab file.
  Hue	hue	hue	Hue services run as this user.
  Hue Load Balancer	apache	apache	The Hue Load balancer has a dependency on the apache2 package that uses the apache user name. Cloudera Manager does not run processes using this user ID.
  Key Trustee Server	keytrustee	keytrustee	The Key Trustee Server service runs as this user.
  Schema Registry	schemaregistry	hadoop	The Schema Registry process runs as this user.
  Streams Messaging Manager	streamsmsgmgr	streamsmsgmgr	The Streams Messaging Manager processes runs as this user.
  Streams Replication Manager	streamsrepmgr	streamsrepmgr	The Streams Replication Manager processes runs as this user.