Unless the property fs.s3a.bucket.test.s3guard.ddb.table.create is set to enable the table to be automatically created, the table must be created on the command line using the hadoop s3guard init command:

hadoop s3guard init s3a://guarded-table/

2018-05-31 15:25:59,070 [main] INFO  s3guard.DynamoDBMetadataStore (DynamoDBMetadataStore.java:createTable(1025)) -
            Creating non-existent DynamoDB table guarded-table in region eu-west-1
2018-05-31 15:26:11,759 [main] INFO  s3guard.S3GuardTool (S3GuardTool.java:initMetadataStore(270)) -
            Metadata store DynamoDBMetadataStore{region=eu-west-1, tableName=guarded-table} is initialized.
Metadata Store Diagnostics:
ARN=arn:aws:dynamodb:eu-west-1:980678866538:table/guarded-table
description=S3Guard metadata store in DynamoDB
name=guarded-table
read-capacity=500
region=eu-west-1
retryPolicy=ExponentialBackoffRetry(maxRetries=9, sleepTime=100 MILLISECONDS)
size=0
status=ACTIVE
table={AttributeDefinitions: [{AttributeName: child,AttributeType: S}, {AttributeName: parent,AttributeType: S}],
    TableName: guarded-table,
    KeySchema: [{AttributeName: parent,KeyType: HASH}, {AttributeName: child,KeyType: RANGE}],
    TableStatus: ACTIVE,
    CreationDateTime: Thu May 31 15:25:59 BST 2018,
    ProvisionedThroughput: {NumberOfDecreasesToday: 0,ReadCapacityUnits: 500,WriteCapacityUnits: 100},
    TableSizeBytes: 0,
    ItemCount: 0,
    TableArn: arn:aws:dynamodb:eu-west-1:980678866538:table/guarded-table,
    TableId: fb50922a-90bf-4df2-a3c3-9f4aa6914d56,}
write-capacity=100     

Once created, the table may be used immediately.